worksheet on work and energy

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04-02-2025

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This worksheet provides a range of problems designed to test your understanding of work and energy concepts in physics. Remember to show your work and include units in your answers. This worksheet covers topics including calculating work done by various forces, understanding kinetic and potential energy, and applying the work-energy theorem.

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Section 1: Understanding Work

1. Defining Work:

• Question 1a: A force of 10 N is applied to a box, moving it 5 meters horizontally. Calculate the work done if the force is applied parallel to the direction of motion.

• Question 1b: What is the work done if the same 10 N force is applied at a 30-degree angle to the direction of motion?

• Question 1c: What is the work done if the box does not move, despite the 10N force being applied? Explain your answer.

2. Work and Multiple Forces:

• Question 2: A 5 kg block is pushed across a rough surface (µk = 0.2) with a horizontal force of 20 N. If the block travels 10 m, calculate:
  • a) The work done by the applied force.
  • b) The work done by friction.
  • c) The net work done on the block.

Section 2: Kinetic and Potential Energy

1. Kinetic Energy Calculations:

• Question 3: A 2 kg ball rolls with a velocity of 4 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

• Question 4: A car with a mass of 1000 kg is traveling at 20 m/s. How much kinetic energy does it possess? What is its kinetic energy if its speed doubles?

2. Potential Energy Calculations:

• Question 5: A 1 kg book is lifted 2 meters above the ground. What is its gravitational potential energy relative to the ground? (Assume g = 9.8 m/s²)

• Question 6: A spring with a spring constant of 200 N/m is stretched 0.1 meters. What is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring?

Section 3: Work-Energy Theorem

1. Applying the Theorem:

• Question 7: A 0.5 kg object is initially at rest. A net force of 10 N acts on the object for 2 meters. Using the work-energy theorem, find the final velocity of the object.

• Question 8: A roller coaster car (mass = 500 kg) starts from rest at the top of a hill that is 20 meters high. Ignoring friction, what is its speed at the bottom of the hill? (Use conservation of energy – relating potential and kinetic energy).

Section 4: Advanced Problems (Optional)

1. Inclined Planes and Work:

• Question 9: A 10 kg box slides down a frictionless inclined plane with an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal and a length of 5 meters. Calculate the work done by gravity.

2. Energy Losses due to Friction:

• Question 10: A car brakes to a stop from 25 m/s over a distance of 50 meters. If the car's mass is 1500 kg, estimate the average force of friction acting on the car.

This worksheet provides a solid foundation in understanding work and energy. Remember to consult your textbook or other resources if you encounter difficulties. Good luck!